- Chinese shipbuilding ahịa mma na 2017 ma ọ bụghị n'ụzọ natara
Mgbe a ogologo oge nke ukpụhọde, afọ 2017 kemgbe afọ nke mgbake nke mba mbupu ahịa, na China si shipbuilding ahịa nwekwara mma. Otú ọ dị, shipbuilding ụlọ ọrụ na-adịghị n'ụzọ gbakee.
Dị ka data si China Association of shipbuilding Industry (dịrị gaba n'ime ebe kwuru na dị ka Ụgbọ mmiri Association), na 2017, na mba ngụkọta shipbuilding ike bụ 42,68 nde dwt, nke bụ a afọ-on-afọ-abawanye nke na 20,9%; na ọhụrụ ụgbọ mmiri iji olu bụ 33,73 nde dwt, onye na-abawanye nke 60,1% afọ-on-afọ.
China atọ bụ isi na-egosi nke shipbuilding na-họọrọ mbụ na ụwa na usoro nke mba ahịa òkè. N'etiti ha, Chinese shipbuilding completions, ọhụrụ iwu natara, na aka-ẹkenịmde iwu ajụjụ maka 41,9%, 45,5%, na 44,6% nke uwa ngụkọta, karị.
Dị ka nke njedebe nke 2017, China na handheld ship iwu dịrị 87,23 nde dwt, a afọ-on-afọ ọnụ nke 12,4%. Dị ka nke 2017, China na handheld ship iwu jụrụ anọ consecutive afọ, na ọtụtụ ụgbọ mmiri na ụlọ ọrụ ndị nwere ike na-ịnọgide na-enwe a ibu nke gburugburu otu afọ.
Si mba ahịa echiche, jiri ya tụnyere 2006-2010, ụwa ọhụrụ ship trading olu na 2017 bụ ka na a ala ozo.
Dị ka Clarkson si nnyocha data, na 2017, ndị zuru ụwa ọnụ ọhụrụ ụgbọ mmiri iwu totaled 902 ụgbọ mmiri na 72,8 nde dwt, nke onye na-abawanye tụnyere 2016.
Otú ọ dị, na afọ 20 gara aga, e nwere nanị ihe na-erughị 1,000 ọhụrụ ụgbọ mmiri iwu ka afọ atọ.
Global handheld ship iwu na-nwekwara kpukpru usen. Na 2017, ọnụ ọgụgụ nke handheld iwu n'ụwa nile bụ 3.158 na 196,9 nde dwt. Ebe ọ bụ na 2004, aka-ẹkenịmde iwu ama esịn n'okpuru 200 nde dwt maka oge mbụ.
A ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ndị ọkachamara na shipbuilding ụlọ ọrụ niile gwara interface nta akụkọ na-abawanye na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke iwu ọhụrụ mmiri ike-eji dị ka ụkpụrụ maka ndị ahịa mgbake. The ugbu a ahịa ọnọdụ ihe mgbagwoju karịa mgbe. Shipbuilding ụlọ ọrụ mkpa ichepụta ezi azụmahịa azum ma welie ha competitiveness. .
Na mpi n'etiti China, Japan na South Korea shipbuilding ụlọ ọrụ, China nwa oge nwere elu aka. Dị ka data si China shipbuilding Industry Economic Research Center, ndị China shipbuilding Tụkwasịnụ Side Climate Index (CTSI) laghachi Nke 1 ọzọ na December 2017, na uto nke ọhụrụ iwu bụ isi ihe mere maka ịrị elu nke index. The oge ikpeazụ China topped ndepụta bụ na May 2014.
Na 2017, e nwere a doro anya na-emekarị nke convergence nke ọhụrụ iwu site na China na-achị ụlọ ọrụ. The top iri ụlọ ọrụ dị na obodo guru nke 73,4% nke ngụkọta ọhụrụ iwu, na dechara 58,3% nke mba shipbuilding. Na 2017, anọ mbupu ụlọ ọrụ dị na China odụk top iri zuru ụwa ọnụ ọhụrụ iwu, na ise ụlọ ọrụ odụk top iri na ụwa.
Ọ bụ uru na-arịba ama na emegide ndị price nke ọhụrụ ụgbọ mmiri na ndị na-eri inversion pụta ìhè na 2017. N'ihi ihe ndị dị ka ala ahịa ina, ala ahịa, na-ebili akụrụngwa ahịa, na-enweghị ọrụ udu nke shipbuilding ụlọ ọrụ, na n'ozuzu na-eri nke shipbuilding ụlọ ọrụ bilitere ngwa ngwa, na profitability nke shipbuilding ụlọ ọrụ belatara nnọọ. Ke akpa 11 ọnwa nke 2017, isi azụmahịa revenue nke 1407 shipbuilding ụlọ ọrụ n'elu ẹkedọhọde size ebelata site 8.2% afọ-on-afọ, na ngụkọta uru ebelata site 15,9% afọ-on-afọ.
Na mmepe nke akụ na ụba ụwa na-elekọta na-anụ, na mbupu ahịa na-atụ anya ịnọgide na-enwe otu ebe ma na-enwe mmetụta. The ọhụrụ mbupu ahịa na 2018 na-atụ anya iji nọgide na-arụsi ọrụ ike.
Ebe ọ bụ na ufọt ufọt January 2018, Chinese mbupu ụlọ ọrụ nwere enen iwu maka 78 ọhụrụ ụgbọ mmiri, ndị metụtara ọtụtụ ụdị nke ụgbọ mmiri, tinyere nnukwu-ebu, mmanụ ụgbọ mmiri tanker, akpa ụgbọ mmiri, LNG ụgbọ mmiri, na offshore ọrụ.
Dị ka ụgbọ mmiri Association si amụma, nke zuru ụwa ọnụ ọhụrụ ụgbọ mmiri ntụgharị na 2018 ga-n'agbata nde 70 na 75 nde dwt. The ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ọhụrụ iwu natara nwere ike si na 2017, na ọhụrụ ụgbọ mmiri price nwekwara ike dịkwuo ubé. Ọ na-atụ anya na olu nke nnukwu-ọnụ ọgụgụ arịa ga-dobe azụ na 2018, na a ole na ole nke pụrụ iche-nzube ship ahịa dị otú ahụ dị ka okomoko ụgbọ mmiri, ụgbọ ala na-ebu na-ebu ndị njem rovers ka kwesịrị anya.
N'aka nke ọzọ, zuru ụwa ọnụ mmanụ na gas development ga-anọgide na-eburu ihe ndị sere n'elu mmepụta n'elu ikpo okwu, na offshore ifufe ugbo ewu na mmezi ngwá na LNG metụtara ngwá ga-enweta anya mgbe nile.
The Ụgbọ mmiri Association kwuru na iji n'ihu welie competitiveness nke ahịa, Chinese mbupu ụlọ ọrụ chọrọ ka mma ha ọhụrụ ike, ịzụlite green na environmentally friendly mmiri na izute ahịa chọrọ, iru ika ship ụdị, ịzụlite shipbuilding na mmiri ngwá n'ichepụta ọrụ, na njem, fishery, ogbara ohuru, na miri oké osimiri nile. A Nchikota ohere na ịnweta ego mmepe. N'otu oge ahụ, ụgbọ mmiri na ụlọ ọrụ ndị ga-akwalite dabere management ma belata-akwụ ụgwọ.
- Green Ụgbọ mmiri Technology China 2018 Summit N'ịbụ na Shanghai
Si April 19 na 20, na China Green 2020 Summit ẹkenịmde ke Shanghai. Ọkachamara si ma n'ụlọ na mba ọzọ na-eduzi ọtụtụ mgbanwe na ike nchekwaba na umu anwuru Mbelata zaa nke shipbuilding ụlọ ọrụ. Representatives si International Maritime Organization (Imo), na European Union, na US Coast Nche e ẹkenam iche iche. Ọdịnaya nke mkpa iwu ya, mmejuputa iwu na upgrade nke atumatu na ụkpụrụ nke China Ụgbọ mmiri ot Control Mpaghara natara nile anya si sonyere.
Na-adịbeghị anya, Imo ka successively agbala a ọnụ ọgụgụ nke iwu na iwu nchịkwa ndị metụtara ume-ịzọpụta na emission-Mbelata. Ọ eguzobewo n'ozuzu kpuchie maka adigide mmepe nke etiti mba uwa shipbuilding ụlọ ọrụ, na-aghọkwa a guideline maka mmepe nke green ship technology na mbupu na shipbuilding ọrụ na mba dị iche iche. Dị ka Lucas, ndị nnọchiteanya nke Imo Marine Environment Protection Committee, nke afọ a, Imo ga-eduzi a mbara ntule nke mmejuputa iwu-nke mbụ na-adọ nke ụgbọ mmiri ume arụmọrụ imewe index (EEDI) dabeere na data nke ihe karịrị 2,000 n'ezie mmiri na e anakọtara. Year malitere mejuputa nke abụọ na-adọ nke EEDI chọrọ. Ke adianade do, Imo ga-atụle ma na-amụ ọhụrụ gburugburu ebe obibi nchebe ụkpụrụ ndị dị otú ahụ dị ka na-egbochi na ojiji nke mmiri 'arọ mmanụ Arctic Ocean region na machibidoro dumping nke plastic n'efu na n'ọdịnihu dị nso, ka n'ihu chebe mmiri ebe obibi na gburugburu ebe obibi na-erite uru ndị mmadụ.
The EU mba nwere 32% nke ụwa na oké osimiri-aga nsoro, na mgbe nile mmasị oké mkpa iji chọrọ nke ụgbọ mmiri umu anwuru. Na nzuko, Lgnacio, nke abụọ odeakwụkwọ nke European Mbon ka China, ẹkenam mmejuputa ụkpụrụ banyere nlekota, akuko na nkwenye (MRV) ụgbọ mmiri 'carbon umu anwuru. Dị ka ụkpụrụ, si 2018 n'ihu, na EU ga-anakọta ụgbọ mmiri anwuru ndekọ nke ọ bụla so na obodo na-etolite ihe ntule akụkọ 2019. Nke a ga-enyere EU shipbuilding ụlọ ọrụ na-anọgide na-ịnọgide na-enwe ya eduga ọnọdụ na technology. Nso nso, na European Union na-ifịk ifịk ịgagharị ọhụrụ teknụzụ na ọhụrụ ụdị n'ihi sọlfọ-nanị, gasị eke gas (LNG) ngwa, wdg, na-aga n'ihu na-akwalite mmepe nke green mbupu.
Jennifer, onye nduzi nke US Coast Nche nkwenye na n'ikedo Department, kọwara n'ụzọ zuru ezu na ụkpụrụ nke dị arọ mmiri management usoro ke United States. Dị ka ya, na anya nke na-ọtụtụ puku illegal agbapụta n'ahụ mgbe nyochaworo na mesoo site United States na 2017, teknuzu ntụpọ, na-ezighị ezi arụmọrụ, na enweghị mberede jikoro bụ isi na-akpatara ndị na-abụghị nnabata. Ọ tụrụ aro ka shipowners na ụgbọ mmiri charters kwesịrị ime ka ndi oru ugbo ọzụzụ zere iwu ize ndụ na ụba na losses. Ke adianade do, US Coast Nche ga-ebu E-efu asambodo, na-enye iwu na mma na preferential ọgwụgwọ maka elu-edu ụgbọ mmiri.
Ebe ọ bụ na China guzobere ship emission akara mpaghara ke 2016, mmejuputa iwu nke atụmatụ a dịtụ na-eju afọ. Dị ka Dong Leyi, director nke Bureau of Ịgbachitere na Igbochi Mmetọ na China Maritime Safety Administration, dị ka nke njedebe nke 2017, China si Maritime ọchịchị mụụrụ a mmanụ ụgbọala nnyocha na ihe karịrị 30,000 arịa. N'etiti ha, nke kasị ala ọnụego nke mebiri nke mba navigation Ụgbọ mmiri bụ naanị 3.2%, na ndị mebiri ọnụego n'ime obodo osimiri na Jianghai mmiri esịmde 25.9%. Dị ka gburugburu ebe obibi nlekota data, ikuku quality na anụ ụlọ mmiri n'ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri ebe wee na-mma, na sulfide ọdịnaya Shanghai, Shenzhen, Jingtang, na ndị ọzọ na mmiri n'ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri ebe ebelata budata, na-agbapụta n'ahụ nke PM pollutants e irè na-achịkwa. Otú ọ dị, ndị na-achị ship emission akara ebe bụghị ma kpuchie ụfọdụ ndị bụ isi na ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri. Control jikoro adịghị etinye aka nitrogen oxides (NOx) umu anwuru. Alternative jikoro dị ka ojiji nke LNG fuels, echichi nke desulphurization ngwá, wdg esiworo iji na-akwalite, na usoro iwu ike nwere ma na-ike mma. . Iji mezuo nke a, mkpa ngalaba ga imeghari na kwalite usoro ihe omume izute n'ozuzu chọrọ nke mba "na-alụ ọgụ a siri ike agha megide mmetọ," na na adị nzaghachi Imo ọhụrụ chọrọ na 0,5% nke ala-sọlfọ mmanụ ga-ejikarị na zuru ụwa ọnụ mmiri site 2020.
Na okwu nke akara jikoro, maka sọlfọ oxides (SOx) na particulate okwu (PM), China ga-atụle ojiji nke 0.1% sọlfọ mmanụ ụgbọala na osimiri, na n'ime obodo mmiri iji Dabara mgbe dizel; maka NOx, ọhụrụ ụgbọ mmiri ga-na oge. Ma ọ bụ mejuputa ẹdude mba ụkpụrụ tupu, ya bụ, Chinese mba mmiri wuru mgbe November 2021 mejuputa EBIONITISM III ịgba ụkpụrụ, ma ga-eji n'ikpere mmiri ike mgbe berthing; maka obodo organic ogige (VOC), wuru mgbe 2020, na-abanye n'ụgbọ mmiri ahụ emission akara ebe (DECA), a Chinese tanka na a oké njọ tonnage nke 150 tọn ma ọ bụ karịa, ga-enwe mmanụ na gas mgbake ọnọdụ. Na okwu nke akporo nke akara, na ndabere nke ẹdude ship emission akara zones, ndị ọzọ na igodo ebe a ga-atụkwasịkwara, dị ka Huanghai Sea, Haixi, Beibu Gulf na West Guangdong. Dị ka Dong Leyi, ndị China Maritime Safety Administration a ugbu a n'itinyekwu ya research ọrụ, na-ezube ịgbanwe na kwalite ship emission akara ebe ga-adịghị anya ga-ẹkenam.
N'oge elu ugwu, ndị ọkachamara na site na ụlọ ọrụ ndị dị otú ahụ dị ka ABB, nchịkwa, GTT, Scania, Mann, Sinocraft Winterthur Engines, na Montgomery Gas ẹkenam ọhụrụ teknụzụ na ọhụrụ ngwaahịa maka ụgbọ mmiri metụtara anwuru mbelata.
Post oge: Jun-12-2018