Nhau Maritime Industry

1. Chinese shipbuilding musika kwakavandudza muna 2017 asi haina kuzovazve

Shure kwenguva yakareba kuchinja, gore 2017 kwave gore kuzoita international mumagwa pamusika, uye shipbuilding musika China kwakaita kunowedzerawo. Zvisinei, kuti shipbuilding indasitiri haina akapora.

Maererano nemashoko ari China Association of Shipbuilding Industry (hereinafter nezvavo savakuru Ship Association), muna 2017, munyika yose shipbuilding vanokwanisa yaiva mamiriyoni 42,68 dwt, raiva gore pamusoro-gore yezvibereko 20.9%; uye itsva chikepe kuti vhoriyamu yaiva mamiriyoni 33,73 dwt, kuwedzera 60,1% gore-on-gore.

China vatatu mikuru zviratidzo zviri shipbuilding vanotanga rakava munyika tichitarisa dzakawanda musika mugove. Pakati pavo, Chinese shipbuilding completions, zvirevo zvitsva vakagamuchira, uye zvirevo ruoko-akabata azvidavirire 41,9%, 45,5%, uye 44,6% of yose yose, ukuwo.

Sezvo kuguma 2017, ngarava zvirevo China Handheld vakasvika mamiriyoni 87,23 dwt, rimwe gore pamusoro-gore kuderera kuti 12.4%. Muna 2017, ngarava zvirevo China kwakaita Handheld zvakaramba kuti akatevedzana makore mana, uye chikepe makambani akawanda anogona chete vaine pokuwanda kwebasa pakati kunhivi rimwe gore.

Kubva yemarudzi musika nemaonero, ichienzaniswa 2006-2010, munyika yose itsva chikepe zvokutengeserana vhoriyamu muna 2017 achiri yakaderera pamwero.

Maererano Clarkson kwakaita tsvakurudzo data, muna 2017, munyika yose mirairo itsva chikepe totaled 902 ngarava uye mamiriyoni 72,8 dwt, waiva kuwedzera zvichienzaniswa 2016.

Zvisinei, mumakore 20 apfuura, paiva chete asingasviki 1,000 itsva mirairo chikepe kwemakore matatu.

Global Handheld chikepe zvirevo vari kudzikira. Muna 2017, nhamba Handheld mirairo yose yakanga 3,158 uye 196,9 mamiriyoni dwt. Kubvira 2004, mirairo ruoko-akabata kunge kwakadonha pazasi mamiriyoni 200 dwt kokutanga.

A zvinoverengeka nyanzvi mune shipbuilding indasitiri zvose akaudza inowanikwa nhau wenhau kuti kuwedzera kwenhamba maodha zvikepe itsva hazvigoni kushandiswa mutemo musika kupora. The kuitika musika mamiriro ezvinhu ane akaoma kupfuura nakare kose. Shipbuilding Makambani vanofanira kuzoumba akarurama mabhizimisi nzira uye kuwedzera kuita makwikwi yavo. .

Ari makwikwi pakati China, Japan uye South Korea shipbuilding maindasitiri, China kwekanguva ane yokumusoro ruoko. Maererano nemashoko ari China Shipbuilding Industry Economic Research Centre, iyo China Shipbuilding Supply Side Climate Index (CTSI) akadzokera No. 1 zvakare muna December 2017, uye kukura mirairo itsva chaiva chikonzero chikuru kuti kubuda indekisi. Kokupedzisira China zvikamu zvawanyora yaiva May 2014.

Muna 2017, pane zviri kuitika yakajeka convergence kuti mitemo itsva kubva China kune hukuru makambani. The pamusoro makambani gumi munyika chakaita kuti 73,4% yose inowanwa mirairo itsva, uye akapedza 58,3% munyika yacho shipbuilding. Muna 2017, vana kutumirwa makambani ari China vakapinda pamusoro gumi yose mirairo itsva, uye mapoka mashanu vakapinda pamusoro gumi munyika.

Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti kupokana pakati mari ngarava itsva uye mari inversion yakanga inosimbiswa 2017. Nokuda zvinhu zvakadai yakaderera musika kudiwa, nemitengo yakaderera, achifumira mbishi zvinhu mitengo, uye kushaya anodawo dziine shipbuilding makambani, kuti tikwanise mari shipbuilding makambani wamuka nokukurumidza, uye profitability kuti shipbuilding makambani kwangoderera. Mugore 11 mwedzi 2017 rokutanga, chikuru mabhizimisi kwemari pamusoro 1407 shipbuilding emakambani pamusoro akasarudzwa saizi yakaderera nezvikamu 8.2% gore pamusoro-gore, uye zvachose purofiti yakaderera nezvikamu 15.9% gore-on-gore.

With kukura munyika upfumi achifudza igadzikane, kutumirwa musika vanotarisirwa kuramba wakadzikama uye kundikurudzira. The itsva kutumirwa pamusika 2018 iri kutarisirwa kuramba tichishingaira.

Sezvo pemwedzi January 2018, Chinese kutumirwa makambani ndikazvisimbisa maodha zvikepe itsva 78, inosanganisira marudzi mazhinji zvikepe, kusanganisira hombe vatakuri, matangi mafuta, mudziyo zvikepe, LNG zvikepe, uye vashandi pemvura.

Maererano chikepe Association for, munyika yose itsva chikepe turnover muna 2018 vachava pakati 70 miriyoni uye 75 miriyoni dwt. Kuwanda zvirevo zvitsva vakapiwa kungawedzera kubva 2017, uye itsva chikepe mutengo anogona kunowedzerawo zvishoma. Zvinotarisirwa kuti bhuku guru-pamwero midziyo achadonha shure muna 2018, uye vashomanana anokosha-chinangwa misika chikepe akadai muumbozha rwendo zvikepe, motokari vatakuri uye mutakurwi ramakororo vachiri kufanira kuteerera.

Ukuwo, mafuta pose uye gasi kukura acharamba kunhonga zvinoyangarara kugadzirwa papuratifomu, uye pemvura mhepo purazi kuvaka uye kugadzira michina uye LNG-chokuita midziyo nokugamuchira uchizvichenjerera.

The Ship Association akataura kuti kuti zvimwe chiwedzere makwikwi pakati kumusika, Chinese kutumirwa makambani kugadzirisa hwavo utsanzi nezvaanogona, kuva munyoro uye zvakatipoteredza noushamwari zvikepe kuti asangane musika zvaidiwa, kuvaka muchiso chikepe yokutevedzera, kutanga shipbuilding uye zvomumvura midziyo kugadzira Mazinga, uye kushanyirwa fishery, renewable simba, uye zvakadzika makungwa. Mubatanidzwa nzvimbo uye chicherwa pfuma kukura. Panguva iyoyowo, chikepe Makambani kunofanirawo kukurudzira dzakaonda utariri uye kuderedza mari.

1. Green Ship Technology China 2018 Summit wakaitirwa Shanghai

Kubva April 19 kusvika 20, ari China Green 2020 Summit yakaitwa Shanghai. Nyanzvi kubva kumba nekumhiri vakaperekedza zvakawanda exchanges pamusoro simba kuchengetedza uye choutsi rutapudzo nangananga shipbuilding indasitiri. Representatives kubva International Maritime Organization (IMO), European Union, uye US Coast Guard vakanga hwakatangwa yoga. Zviri mitemo kuMudzidzisi uye nemirau, kuti Implementation uye ndiwedzere pamusoro policies uye nemirau yacho China Ship womumwe Control Zone vakapiwa kwakapararira kutarisirwa kubva vechikamu.

Mumakore achangopfuura, IMO ave successively atara anoverengeka mitemo nemirayiro chokuita simba-aponese uye achine-rutapudzo. It raratidza muenzaniso kunopindirana yemibvunzo yacho inogona kuenderera mberi pakati yose shipbuilding indasitiri, uye uyewo kuva nhungamiro pamusoro pokumuka zvakasvibirira chikepe michina mabhuku uye shipbuilding Mazinga munyika dzakasiyana-siyana. Maererano Lucas, mumiririri wenyika IMO Marine Environment Protection Committee, gore rino, IMO achava kuitisa misoro tinyatsonzwisisa kuti Implementation rokutanga chokutambudzika muchikepe simba kunyatsoshanda magadzirirwo indekisi (EEDI) kwakavakirwa Data ngarava anopfuura 2,000 chaiwo kuti vave zviunganidzwe. Year akatanga kushandisa danho rechipiri EEDI zvinodiwa. Uyewo, IMO ichakurukurawo uye kudzidza zvitsva kwezvakatipoteredza kudzivirira mitemo yakadai inorambidza kushandisa ngarava 'inorema mafuta kweArctic Ocean nharaunda uye inorambidza yokuraswa kwemarara epurasitiki tsvina munguva yemberi iri pedyo, kuti vadzivirire mberi ari marina zvipenyu nezvakazvipoteredza zvakatipoteredza uye vanobatsirwa vanhu.

The dzeEU vane 32% mugungwa-kuenda munyika rengarava, uye vagara dzakabatanidzwa zvikuru zvinodiwa chikepe choutsi. Panguva wegomo Lgnacio, kumunyori European nhume China wechipiri, akatanga Implementation iri mirayiro pamusoro zvichiongororwa, nhau uye ongororo (MRV) ngarava 'kabhoni choutsi. Maererano nemitemo, kubva 2018 zvichienda mberi, ivo EU achaita unganidza muchikepe choutsi zvinyorwa neimwe nhengo ehurumende uye iumbe kuongorora muThe 2019. Izvi zvichabatsira EU shipbuilding indasitiri kuramba kuramba kutungamirirwa panzvimbo yacho zvemichina. Munguva ichangopfuura, European Union ari kushingaira kuongorora michina mitsva uye mhando itsva nesarufa-kukunyimai, liquefied negasi (LNG) mafomu, nezvimwewo, uye anoramba kusimudzira chitange zvakasvibirira kutumirwa.

Jennifer, mutungamiriri US Coast Guard Verification uye Compliance Dhipatimendi, akatsanangura zvakadzama mumirau kutsigisa igwa mvura Kutarisira enyika muUnited States. Maererano naye, tichifunga vezviuru zvisiri pamutemo zvinoyerera nyaya kuongororwa uye nechokuita neUnited States muna 2017, zvekushandisa kuremara, kukodzera kushandiswa, uye kushaya kwechimbichimbi matanho vari kukonzera vasiri abvume. Akaronga kuti varidzi vezvikepe uye chikepe charters vanofanira kusimbisa vashandi kudzidzisa kudzivisa pamutemo njodzi uye zvoupfumi varasikirwa. Uyewo, US Coast Guard ndichakubvunzaiwo aite E-Zero advertising, dzichipa pamutemo kurerukirwa uye tibatwe nokuda yepamusoro ngarava.

Sezvo China akasimbisa chikepe achine kudzora rwokushanyira nyika muna 2016, ari Implementation kuronga kwave nekaupenyu inogutsa. Maererano Dong Leyi, mutungamiriri Bureau of Kudzivirira uye Kutadzisa Kusvibisa pa China Maritime Safety Administration, sezvo mugumo wenyika 2017, zviremera China kwakaita nepagungwa aidzidza mafuta vaongo- pamusoro kupfuura 30.000 midziyo. Pakati pavo, yakadereresa mwero zvaipesana wekushandisa ngarava dzakawanda iri 3.2 chete%, uye kutyora mwero kure negungwa nzizi uye Jianghai ngarava rinosvika 25.9%. Maererano nezvakatipoteredza zvichiongororwa data, mhepo unhu mudzimai chiteshi nharaunda vakaramba kuvandudza, uye sulfide kugutsikana muShanghai, Shenzhen, Jingtang, uye chimwe chiteshi nzvimbo yakaderera zvikuru, uye okuyerera PM Zvinosvibisa akanga zvinobudirira kudzorwa. Zvisinei, boka raivapo chikepe achine kudzora nharaunda haisati akafukidza vamwe anokosha zvengarava. Kuzvidzora matanho havana kubatanidzwa senitrogen oxides (Nox) choutsi. Alternative matanho akadai kushandiswa LNG rinochiwedzera, kuisa desulphurization zvokushandisa, etc. kunge kwakaoma kusimudzira, uye pamutemo nezvaanogona hausati kunatsiridzwa. . Kuti izvi zvidaro, kuMudzidzisi madhipatimendi anogadzirisa uye ndiwedzere purogiramu kundosangana zvinonyatsorehwa zvinodiwa munyika "kurwa yakaoma kurwisa kusvibiswa," uye kuti rikurumidze kufarira IMO racho idzva kuti 0.5% kuderedzwa nesurferi chinotsva vachange yaiwanzoshandiswa mumvura pose nokuda 2020.

 In mazwi kudzora zviyero, nokuti nesarufa oxides (sox) uye particulate nyaya (PM), China ichakurukura kushandiswa 0.1% sarufa huni yegungwa, uye kure negungwa mvura vanoshandisa ateerere dzose Diesel; nokuti Nox, ngarava itsva vachava chaiyo. Kana kushandisa aivapo zvinodiwa dzakawanda pachine, kureva Chinese National zvikepe akavaka pashure November 2021 ezvidzidzo weDanho III muganhu mitemo, uye achashandisa pamahombekombe simba kana berthing; nokuti kugadzikana Organic yeimwe (VOC), akavaka pashure 2020, Kupinda muchikepe achine kudzora nharaunda (DECA), mumwe Chinese ngarava ine kwakakomba tonnage matani 150 kana kupfuura, vanofanira kuva mafuta uye gasi kupora ezvinhu. Pakuurayiwa kutsanangurwa kuzvidzora, pahwaro aivapo chikepe anobuda kuzvidzora munyika dzine, dzimwe nzvimbo dzinokosha zvichawedzerwa, akadai Huanghai Sea, Haixi, Beibu Gulf uye West Guangdong. Maererano Dong Leyi, kuti China Maritime Safety Administration iri pari achipindira acho tsvakurudzo basa, uye kuronga kuchinja uye ndiwedzere chikepe achine kudzora nzvimbo achakurumidza hwakatangwa.

Munguva wegomo nyanzvi kubva makambani akadai ABB, murairidzi, GTT, Scania, Mann, Sinocraft Winterthur Engines, uye Montgomery Gas akatanga michina mitsva uye zvigadzirwa zvitsva kuti chikepe-ukama choutsi reductions.