- market imikhumbi chinese kuye kwaphucuka ngo-2017, kodwa akazange kakhulu wachacha
Emva kwexesha elide hlengahlengiso, kunyaka 2017 kuye unyaka kwakhona kwimarike lwezeenqanawa zamazwe ngamazwe, kunye nemarike imikhumbi China uye nayo iphuculwe. Nangona kunjalo, eli shishini imikhumbi alukhange lubekho wachacha.
Ngokutsho kwe data evela China Association of Industry imikhumbi (emva koku obizwa ngokuba Timeshare Association), ngo-2017, umthamo imikhumbi yelizwe iyonke yaba million 42,68 dwt, nto leyo kunyaka-on-unyaka ukwanda 20.9%; kwaye umthamo inqanawa umyalelo omtsha million 33,73 dwt, ukunyuka nge-60,1% ngonyaka-on-nyaka.
Iimpawu ezintathu ezinkulu China ngayo imikhumbi ukuba uhamba phambili kwihlabathi ngokubhekiselele kwisabelo kwimarike yamazwe ngamazwe. Phakathi kwabo, yokugqiba imikhumbi Chinese, imiyalelo ezintsha ezifunyenweyo, nemiyalelo ngesandla-eyayibanjwe akhawunti ngenxa 41.9%,-45.5%, kwaye 44,6% yetotali zehlabathi, ngokulandelelana.
Njengoko isiphelo ka-2017, ii-odolo nqanawa i Pilot eTshayina imali ukuya kwizigidi 87,23 dwt, ngonyaka-on-Yehlisa unyaka ka-12.4%. Njengoko ka-2017, ii-odolo nqanawa i Pilot China aye akavuma iminyaka emine ilandelelana, yaye uninzi iinkampani inqanawa uyakwazi ukugcina kuphela umthwalo ngomyinge omnye unyaka.
Ukusuka kwindawo kwimarike yamazwe ngamazwe lwembono, xa kuthelekiswa ne-2006-2010, i-entsha umthamo inqanawa kurhwebo lwehlabathi 2017 isekhona kwinqanaba elisezantsi.
Ngokutsho data zophando Clarkson kaThixo, ngo-2017, ii-odolo entsha umhlaba inqanawa baba iinqanawa 902 no million 72,8 dwt, nto leyo ukwanda kuthelekiswa 2016.
Noko ke, kule minyaka ingama-20 idluleyo, kwakukho kuphela ngaphantsi kwe-1,000 odolo ezintsha inqanawa iminyaka emithathu.
Global odolo nqanawa i Pilot nayo ukuhla. Ngowe-2017, inani odolo ephathwayo ehlabathini lonke yaba 3.158 no 196,9 yezigidi dwt. Ukususela ngo-2004, ii-odolo ngesandla-eyayibanjwe iye yehla ngezantsi million 200 dwt okokuqala.
Iqela leengcaphephe kushishino imikhumbi zonke waxelela interface intatheli ukuba ukunyuka kwenani odolo iinqanawa omtsha alinakusetyenziswa njengoko umgangatho recovery emarikeni. Imeko ekhoyo yorhwebo unzima ngakumbi kunanini na ngaphambili. Iinkampani imikhumbi kufuneka ukuqulunqa izicwangciso zoshishino echanekileyo ukwandisa ukhuphiswano lwabo. .
Kukhuphiswano phakathi China, Japan kunye noshishino imikhumbi South Korea, China uye okwethutyana isandla eliphezulu. Ngokutsho data evela China imikhumbi Industry Economic Research Centre, i-China imikhumbi Supply Side Climate Index (CTSI) wabuyela No. 1 kwakhona ngoDisemba 2017, kunye nokukhula odolo ezintsha yaba sizathu siphambili ngokuvela kwisalathiso. Ixesha lokugqibela China songeza uluhlu ngo May 2014.
Ngowe-2017, kukho umkhwa olucacileyo ekuhlangabezaneni odolo ezintsha ukusuka eTshayina ukuya kwiinkampani lubalaseleyo. Iinkampani ezilishumi aphezulu kweli lizwe accounted for 73,4% ye-odolo ezintsha lilonke, yaye yagqitywa 58,3% of imikhumbi eli lizwe. Ngowe-2017, iinkampani ezine nokuhambisa China wangena odolo ezitsha jikelele top ezilishumi, kunye neenkampani ezintlanu wangena abalishumi aphezulu ehlabathini.
Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba ayiphikisani ixabiso iinqanawa ezintsha kunye neendleko inversion yabalaseliswa ngo 2017. Ngenxa izinto ezifana intswelo ephantsi kwimarike, amaxabiso aphantsi, ukunyuka kwamaxabiso izinto ekrwada, kunye nokunqongophala rates yokusebenza kwiinkampani imikhumbi, i iindleko zizonke iinkampani imikhumbi wavuka ngokukhawuleza, kwaye inzuzo kweenkampani imikhumbi liye lehla kakhulu. Kwiinyanga zokuqala 11 ka-2017, ingeniso zoshishino eziphambili 1407 amashishini imikhumbi ngaphezu ubungakanani etyunjwe zehle nge-8.2% ngonyaka-on-nyaka, yaye inzuzo iyonke lehle nge-15.9% ngonyaka-on-nyaka.
Ngophuhliso loqoqosho lwehlabathi kwase kuzinza, imarike yokuthumela kulindeleke ukuba ukugcina impembelelo ngcembe yaye zikhuthaza. Imarike entsha nokuhambisa 2018 kulindeleke ukuba basebenze.
Ukususela kowe-Januwari 2018, iinkampani zeenqanawa Chinese baye baqinisekisa odolo neenqanawa amatsha 78, ezibandakanya iintlobo ezininzi iinqanawa, kuquka iziphathi bulk, ethwala ioli, iinqanawa isikhongozelo, iinqanawa LNG, kunye nabasebenzi nonxweme.
Ngokutsho ingqikelelo ye-umbutho sikhephe, ingeniso jikelele omtsha usenjalo 2018 ziya kuba phakathi 70 yezigidi ne-75 lezigidi dwt. Inani kwemiyalelo emitsha efunyenwe wande ukusuka 2017, kwaye ixabiso inqanawa omtsha kungandisa kancinane. Kulindeleke ukuba umthamo iinqanawa ezinkulu-scale iya kunyothulwa emva 2018, kwaye inani elincinane iimarike wenqanawa ekhethekileyo injongo ezifana imikhumbi iza zodidi, abathwali imoto kunye matutu abakhweli nangoku bafanelwe ingqalelo.
Kwelinye icala, ioli jikelele kunye nophuhliso negesi uza kuqhubeka pick up eqongeni nemveliso ezidadayo, kunye nolwakhiwo yefama umoya kude nonxweme kwakunye nezixhobo ulondolozo kunye nezixhobo ezinxulumene-LNG nazo ziya kufumana ingqalelo.
Inqanawa Association yathi ukuze kuphuculwe ngakumbi ukhuphiswano emarikeni, iinkampani lokuthumela Chinese kufuneka ukuphucula ezintsha izakhono zabo, ukuphuhlisa iinqanawa eluhlaza kunye nokusingqongileyo ezihlangabezana ezifunwa yimarike, ukwakha imifuziselo brand inqanawa, ukuphuhlisa amashishini imikhumbi kunye nezixhobo iimveliso zaselwandle, kunye nokhenketho, lokuloba, eneji ehlaziyekayo, kunye neelwandle enzulu. Ukudibana space kunye nezibonelelo kwezimbiwa nophuhliso. Kwangaxeshanye, iinkampani inqanawa kufuneka kwakhona kukhuthazwe ulawulo angamarhoqorhoqo nokunciphisa iindleko.
- Green zamob Technology China 2018 Summit Kwenziwa e Shanghai
Ukususela April 19 ukuya ku-20, i-China Green 2020 Summit yabanjwa Shanghai. Iingcali ezivela ekhaya ap kuqhutywa ukutshintshiselana omkhulu lokulondoloza amandla kunye nokuncitshiswa ezikhutshwayo neethagethi kushishino imikhumbi le. Abameli abavela International Maritime Organisation (Imo), i-European Union, kwaye US Coast Guard zaye zaziswa ngokwahlukeneyo. Imixholo imithetho echaphazelekayo kunye nemimiselo, ukuphunyezwa kunye nokuphuculwa kwe-nkqubo kunye nemigaqo China Timeshare Emission Control Zone bafumene ingqalelo ngokubanzi evela nxaxheba.
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, Imo kuye ngokulandelelana wakhupha inani nemithetho kunye nemigaqo enxulumene amandla-ugcino kunye ezikhupha ukuncipha. Iye yaseka kwisikhokelo sophuhliso esibanzi ukwenzela uphuhliso oluzinzileyo loshishino imikhumbi jikelele, kananjalo babe isikhokelo sophuhliso zobugcisa nqanawa eluhlaza kumashishini nokuthumela imikhumbi kumazwe awahlukeneyo. Ngokutsho Lucas, mmeli Imo Marine Environment IKomiti Protection, kulo nyaka, Imo liya kuqhuba uvavanyo olunzulu ukuphunyezwa kwesigaba sokuqala kwisalathisi kwisiyilo sikhephe ngempumelelo kwamandla (EEDI) ngokususela kwidatha iinqanawa kanye ngaphezu kwama 2,000 ukuze ziqokelelwe. Unyaka yaqala ukuphumeza isigaba sesibini iimfuno EEDI. Ukongeza, i-Imo iza mabaxoxe ukufunda imimiselo emitsha ukhuselo lokusingqongileyo ezifana lithintele ngeoli enzima iinqanawa 'kummandla Arctic Ocean kunye inqanda inkunkuma inkunkuma yeplastiki elikufuphi elizayo, ukuze kukhuselwe ngakumbi bume yaselwandle eziphilayo yingenelo abantu.
Amazwe EU-32% of kwezithuthi elwandle, uza lwehlabathi, kwaye isoloko incamathele kubaluleke kakhulu neemfuno ezikhutshwa nqanawa. Kule ntlanganiso, Lgnacio, unobhala yesibini Delegation yaseYurophu eTshayina, yaqalisa ukuphunyezwa kwemimiselo ngokuphathelele iliso, ingxelo nokuqinisekiswa (MRV) of ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni nqanawa. Ngokutsho kwimimiselo, ukususela ngo-2018 ukubheka phambili, i-EU uya kuqokelela iirekhodi ezikhutshwayo inqanawa ngayo karhulumente ilungu ngalinye kwaye enze ingxelo yovavanyo ngo-2019 Oku kuya kunceda ishishini imikhumbi EU ukuba aqhubeke ukugcina indawo yayo ephambili technology. Kutsha nje, i-European Union bakhuthalele liphonononga ubugcisa ezintsha kunye neemodeli entsha, kwerhasi yendalo (LNG) izicelo sulphur-imiqathango, njl, kwaye iyaqhubeka ukukhuthaza uphuhliso lwezeenqanawa eluhlaza.
Jennifer, umlawuli we-US Coast Guard kwiVerification iSebe loThotyelo, wachaza ngokweenkcukacha kwimimiselo kweenkqubo zolawulo lwamanzi zokulinganisa eUnited States. Ngokutsho kwakhe, ngenxa amawaka amatyala ngokungekho obhobhozayo uphando kwaye kusetyenzwe ngako eUnited States ngowe-2017, iziphene zobugcisa, imisebenzi engafanelekanga, kunye nokunqongophala amanyathelo olungxamisekileyo na unobangela-lokungathobeli. Uphinde wacebisa ukuba shipowners kunye amaxhwebhu inqanawa kufuneka ukomeleza uqeqesho abasebenzi ukuze uphephe iingozi zomthetho kunye nelahleko kwezoqoqosho. Ukongeza, i-US Coast Guard uya wayenokwenza E-ZERO isatifikethi, ukubonelela lula ezilawulayo kunye impatho engcono ukuba iinqanawa ezikumgangatho ophezulu.
Ekubeni China wasungula kumda wolawulo ukukhutshwa yenqanawa 2016, ukuphunyezwa kwesicwangciso ibe yeyanelisayo kakhulu. Ngokutsho Dong Leyi, umlawuli we-Bureau of kuyikhusela kwaye Ukuthintela loNgcoliseko e China Maritime uLawulo loKhuseleko, njengoko ekupheleni kuka-2017, abasemagunyeni bamazwe eTshayina yaqhuba uhlolo amafutha ezitsheni ngaphezulu kwama-30,000. Phakathi kwabo, umlinganiselo lisezantsi iphula iinqanawa navigation ngamazwe yi 3.2% kuphela, kwaye izinga olwaphula imilambo namachibi kunye neenqanawa Jianghai ifikelela 25.9%. Ngokutsho kwe data esweni zokusingqongileyo, umgangatho womoya kwimimandla kwizibuko lwasekhaya waqhubeka kuphuculwe, kwaye umxholo emanzini e Shanghai, Shenzhen, Jingtang, kunye nezinye iindawo izibuko lancipha kakhulu, kunye nokuyekiswa PM zingcolisi ilawulwa ngendlela eyiyo. Noko ke, ulawulo kwindawo inqanawa ukukhutshwa ekhoyo iye ayigqitywanga ezinye amazibuko eziphambili. Amanyathelo olawulo ukuba ziye zabandakanya nitrogen oxides (Nox) ekhutshwayo. amanyathelo ezizezinye ezifana nokusetyenziswa kwamafutha LNG, ukufakelwa kwezixhobo desulphurization, njl ukuba nzima ukukhuthaza, kunye izakhono zolawulo kusafuneka kuphuculwe. . Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, amasebe afanelekileyo ukuze ulungise kwaye kuphuculwe inkqubo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ngokubanzi lizwe ukuba 'ulwe umlo onzima nokungcoliswa, "yaye ukuba akhawulezise impendulo imfuneko entsha Imo yokuba 0.5% izibaso esezantsi-sulphur ziya esetyenziswa emanzini zehlabathi ngo-2020.
Ngokwemiqathango kwamanyathelo olawulo, ngokuba oxides sulphur (sox) kunye izinto ezithile (PM), China uza kuqwalasela ukusetyenziswa amafutha sulphur 0.1% emanzini onxweme, kunye namanzi emhlabeni usebenzisa diesel ezingqinelanayo rhoqo; ngokuba Nox, inqanawa omtsha iza kuba phezu kwishedyuli. Okanye kuqaliswe nemigangatho yezizwe ngezizwe kwangaphambili, oko kukuthi, iinqanawa yesizwe Chinese ezakhiwa emva Novemba 2021 ukuya ukuphumeza enamanqanaba III imigangatho umda, yaye uya kusebenzisa amandla kunxweme xa berthing; ukuba iikhompawundi aziphethe organic (VOC), eyakhiwa emva 2020, Ukufaka indawo sikhephe ulawulo ukukhutshwa (Fulani), itanki yaseTshayina kunye yeetoni gross neetoni ezili-150 okanye ngaphezulu, kufuneka iimeko oyile kunye nokufunyanwa negesi. Ngokwemiqathango imihlaba yolawulo, ngokusekelwe imimandla yolawulo inqanawa ungcoliseko ezikhoyo, ezinye iindawo eziphambili ziya kongezelelwa, ezifana Huanghai Sea, Haixi, Beibu Gulf kunye West Guangdong. Ngokutsho Dong Leyi, i-China Maritime Administration Safety kungokunje eyandisa umsebenzi wayo uphando, kwaye iceba ukulungisa nokuhlaziya iinkalo zolawulo inqanawa ukukhutshwa iya kuqaliswa kungekudala.
Ngexesha lentlanganiso, iingcali kwiinkampani ezifana ABB, UMQEQESHI, GTT, Scania, Mann, Engines Sinocraft Winterthur, kunye Montgomery Gas waqalisa iiteknoloji ezintsha kunye neemveliso ezintsha ezinxulumene-nqanawa ezikhutshwayo unciphiso.
ixesha Post: Jun-12-2018