- Chinese shipbuilding msika bwino mu 2017 koma si kuti zayamba anachira
Patapita nthawi yaitali kusintha, chaka 2017 wakhala chaka ayambe msika lonse kutumiza, ndipo China shipbuilding msika nayenso bwino. Komabe, makampani shipbuilding si kuti zayamba anachira.
Malinga ndi kafukufuku wa Association China wa Shipbuilding Makampani (hereinafter amatchedwa Sitima Association), mu 2017, okwana shipbuilding mphamvu dziko linali miliyoni 42,68 dwt, chimene chinali chaka pa zaka kuwonjezeka kwa 20,9%; ndi watsopano kuti chombo buku anali miliyoni 33,73 dwt, kuchuluka kwa 60,1% chaka pa chaka.
China atatu zizindikiro zazikulu za shipbuilding ndi lili pa nambala yoyamba padziko lonse mu mawu a gawo lonse msika. Pakati pawo, Chinese shipbuilding Completions, malamulo atsopano amene mwalandira, ndi madongosolo dzanja ankaweruza mlandu 41,9%, 45,5%, ndi 44,6% ya okwana padziko lonse, motero.
Pamene mapeto a 2017, China ya m'manja chombo malamulo anakwana dwt miliyoni 87,23, chaka pa chaka kuchepa kwa 12,4%. Monga wa 2017, China ya m'manja chombo auzidwa anakana kwa zaka zinayi zotsatizana ndi makampani ambiri chombo likhoza kukhala ndi wakewo a padziko chaka chimodzi.
Kuyambira mfundo mayiko msika wa view, poyerekeza ndi 2006-2010 la padziko lonse latsopano malonda chombo buku mu 2017 akadali pa mlingo wochepa.
Malinga ndi kafukufuku kafukufuku Clarkson, mu 2017, padziko lonse latsopano madongosolo chombo totaled zombo 902 ndi dwt miliyoni 72,8, omwe anali ndi kuwonjezeka poyerekeza 2016.
Komabe, zaka 20 zapitazi, panali zosakwana 1,000 latsopano madongosolo chombo kwa zaka zitatu.
Global ya m'manja chombo malamulo amagwiritsidwa ikuchepa. Mu 2017, chiwerengero cha madongosolo ya m'manja padziko lonse anali 3.158 ndi miliyoni 196,9 dwt. Kuchokera mu 2004, dzanja ankaweruza auzidwa waponya m'munsimu 200 miliyoni dwt kwa nthawi yoyamba.
akatswiri angapo a mu makampani shipbuilding onse anauza mawonekedwe uthenga mtolankhani kuti kuchuluka malamulo kuti sitima yatsopano ingathe kugwiritsidwa ntchito monga muyezo apeze msika. Panopa msika zinthu zinasintha kwambiri kuposa kale. makampani Shipbuilding muyenera kupanga njira yolondola ntchito ndi patsogolo mpikisano awo. .
Mu mpikisano pakati China, Japan ndi South Korea makampani shipbuilding, China mongoyembekezera ndiwo akupambana. Malinga ndi kafukufuku wa China Shipbuilding Makampani Economic Research Center, ku China Shipbuilding Wonjezerani Mbali Nyengo Index (CTSI) anabwerera ku No. 1 kachiwiri mu December 2017, ndipo kukula kwa malamulo atsopano unali chifukwa chachikulu kuwuka kwa index lapansi. Nthawi yotsiriza China aposa mndandanda anali mu May 2014.
Mu 2017, pali azimuth bwino mgwirizano wa malamulo atsopano ku China makampani lalikulu. Pamwamba makampani khumi mu dziko nkhani 73,4% ya okwana malamulo atsopano, ndipo anamaliza 58,3% ya shipbuilding m'dzikolo. Mu 2017, m'magulu anayi kutumiza ku China analowa pamwamba khumi lonse malamulo atsopano, ndi makampani asanu analowa pamwamba khumi mu dziko.
Dziwani kuti kutsutsana pa mtengo wa zombo zatsopano ndi mtengo wa inversion inali mu 2017. Chifukwa cha zinthu monga kufunika otsika msika, zotchipa, kukwera mitengo zopangira, ndi kusowa kwa mitengo opaleshoni makampani shipbuilding, ndi mtengo wonse wa makampani shipbuilding wauka mofulumira, ndi profitability makampani shipbuilding wakhala waponya kwambiri. Mu miyezi 11 2017, waukulu ndalama malonda a 1407 shipbuilding mabizinezi pamwamba kukula anasankha anatsika ndi 8.2% chaka pa chaka, ndi phindu okwana anatsika ndi 15,9% chaka pa chaka.
Ndi chitukuko cha chuma cha padziko lonse chopezera akhazikike, msika kutumiza akuyembekezeka kukhala odekha ndi zabwino chikoka. Msika watsopano kutumiza mu 2018 akuyembekezeka kukhala ndi mphamvu.
Popeza m'ma January 2018, Chinese makampani kutumiza apeza zimatsimikizira malamulo kuti sitima 78 latsopano, zokhudza mitundu ya ngalawa, kuphatikizapo onyamula chochuluka, mathanki mafuta, zombo chidebe, zombo Lng, ndi ogwira zikawonongeka.
Malinga Mapa sitima kucheza ndi la padziko lonse latsopano chombo zolowa mu 2018 adzakhala pakati pa 70 miliyoni ndi 75 miliyoni dwt. chiwerengero cha malamulo atsopano akulandira achuluke kuchokera 2017 ndipo latsopano chombo mtengo akhoza kuwonjezera pang'ono. Zikuoneka kuti buku ziwiya zikuluzikulu adzaleka kumbuyo mu 2018, ndipo ochepa apadera-cholinga misika chombo monga mwanaalirenji sitima, galimoto onyamula ndi rovers zonyamula adakali kuchilingalira.
Komano, mafuta lonse ndi chitukuko mpweya adzapitiriza kukatenga nsanja akuyandama kusindikiza, ndi zikawonongeka mphepo munda yomanga ndi zida yokonza ndi zida Lng zokhudzana nayenso nthawi zonse.
The Sitima Association ananena kuti kuti tiyambe zina mpikisano wa msika, Chinese makampani kutumiza tiyenera kusintha maluso awo luso, kukhala zombo wobiriwira ndi wochezeka kuti kukumana zofuna msika, kumanga zitsanzo mtundu chombo, kukhala shipbuilding ndi zipangizo kupanga m'madzi mafakitale, ndi ntchito zokopa alendo, nsomba, mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa, ndi m'nyanja zakuya. A kuphatikiza malo ndi chuma mchere chitukuko. Pa nthawi yomweyo, makampani chombo ayeneranso kulimbikitsa kasamalidwe Taphunzira ndi kuchepetsa ndalama.
- Green Sitima Technology China 2018 Summit unachitikira ku Shanghai
Kuchokera April 19 kuti 20, China Green 2020 Summit unachitikira Shanghai. Akatswiri kuchokera kunyumba ndi kunja imachitika kuphana yaikulu pa kusamala mphamvu ndi mpweya kuchepetsa mipherezero a makampani shipbuilding. Oimira Bungwe Loona za mayiko Maritime (IMO), bungwe la European Union, ndi US Coast Alonda kuyamba payokha. Nkhani za malamulo zogwirizana ndi malamulo, kukhazikitsa ndi Mokweza ndondomeko ndi malamulo a China Sitima umuna Control Zone kuti analandira chithandizo ambiri ku gulu.
M'zaka zaposachedwapa, IMO ali successively chikalata angapo malamulo zokhudza mphamvu zopulumutsa ndi umuna-kuchepetsa. Iwo wakhazikitsa chimango chonse kuti citukuko a makampani padziko lonse shipbuilding, ndipo lilinso ndi mfundo za chitukuko cha luso wobiriwira sitima kutumiza ndi shipbuilding mafakitale m'mayiko osiyanasiyana. Malinga ndi Lucas woimirira wa IMO Committee sitima Environment Protection, chaka chino, IMO azichititsa ndi ziyenera mwatsatanetsatane za kukhazikitsa gawo loyamba la sitimayo mphamvu Mwachangu kapangidwe index (EEDI) zochokera deta ngalawa oposa 2,000 enieni kuti asonkhanitsa. Chaka anayamba kugwiritsa ntchito yachiwiri amafuna EEDI. Komanso, IMO adzakhala kukambirana ndi kuphunzira malamulo atsopano zoteteza chilengedwe monga muzingochita ntchito mafuta zombo katundu m'dera Arctic Ocean ndi loletsa kutaya pulasitiki posachedwapa, kuti asapatsire zina msilikaliyo chilengedwe zachilengedwe ndi zopindulitsa anthu.
Mayiko EU ndi 32% wa nyanja kupita zombo dziko, ndipo nthawi Ufumuyo zofunika kwambiri zofunika za mpweya sitimayo. Pa msonkhano wa, Lgnacio, mlembi wachiwiri wa Kupatsidwa European kuti China, anayambitsa kukhazikitsa malamulo za polojekiti, kupereka malipoti ndi yachinsinsi (MRV) ya mpweya zombo. Malinga ndi malamulo, kuyambira 2018 ntsiku eneyo, ndi EU Adzasonkhanitsa sitimayo mpweya mbiri wina boma membala ndi kupanga ziyenera lipoti mu 2019. Izi zingathandize EU shipbuilding makampani kuti tipitirizebe kukhala malo ake kutsogolera ukadaulo. Posachedwapa, bungwe la European Union amadziwikanso mwachangu kugwiritsa umisiri watsopano ndi zitsanzo watsopano, liquefied gasi (Lng) ofunsira sulufule yoletsedwa, etc., ndipo akupitiriza kulimbikitsa chitukuko cha kutumiza wobiriwira.
Jennifer, mkulu wa US Coast Alonda Yotsimikiza ndi Compliance m'Dipatimenti, anafotokoza mwatsatanetsatane malangizo kachitidwe kasamalidwe ballast madzi mu United States. Malinga ndi iye, mu maganizo a masauzande a milandu oletsedwa kumaliseche ankafufuza ndi kuchita naye ndi United States mu 2017, kupunduka luso, ntchito molakwika, ndi kusowa kwa njira mwadzidzidzi ndi chikuchititsa mavuto omwe sanali kugwilizana. Anandiuza kuti shipowners ndipo udzatha chombo ayenera kulimbikitsa adalira maphunziro kupewa ngozi malamulo ndi zomvetsa zachuma. Komanso, US Coast Alonda adzakhala kugwira E-ZERO chitsimikizo, kupereka zolimbana mayiko ndi chithandizo ŵakwenera kuti sitima apamwamba.
Popeza China anakhazikitsa chombo umuna ulamuliro woyendera nthambi mu 2016, kukhazikitsa dongosolo kwakhala zogwira mtima. Malinga Dong Leyi, mkulu wa Bureau of kuteteza Kupewa lowononga mpweya pa China Maritime Administration Safety, monga mapeto a 2017, China a boma apanyanja anachita mafuta anayendera pa zotengera oposa 30,000. Pakati pawo, mlingo wotsikitsitsa kuphwanya zombo mayiko navigation ndi 3.2 okha%, ndi mlingo kuphwanya mitsinje ulinso ndi zombo Jianghai ukufika 25,9%. Malinga ndi zomwe mungamapeze polojekitiyi zachilengedwe, khalidwe mpweya madera zoweta doko ukulimbiralimbirabe, ndi sulfide okhutitsidwa Shanghai, Shenzhen, Jingtang, ndi m'madera ena doko utachepa kwambiri, ndipo kumaliseche a PM zoipitsa anali bwino ankalamulira. Komabe, alipo chombo umuna ulamuliro m'dera sanabadwe yokutidwa ena madoko kiyi. Control miyeso ndiribe nawo asafe oxides (NOx) mpweya. miyeso zina monga ntchito utsi Lng, unsembe zida desulphurization, etc. anavutika kulimbikitsa, ndi mphamvu zolimbana ndi komabe bwino. . Kuti zimenezi zitheke, mabungwe zogwirizana kusintha ndi Sinthani Pulogalamu akwaniritsa zofunikira wonse wa dziko kumenya "nkhondo amphamvu ndi kuipitsidwa," ndipo mofulumira Poyankha lamulo latsopano la IMO kuti 0.5% ya mafuta otsika sulfure adzakhala amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu madzi padziko lonse pofika mu 2020.
Kumbali ya miyeso ulamuliro, kwa oxides sulfure (Sox) ndi particulate kanthu (PM), China tikambirana ntchito 0.1% mafuta sulfure madzi m'mphepete mwa nyanja, ndi madzi kumtunda ntchito ovomerezeka zonse dizilo; chifukwa NOx sitima latsopano lidzakhala pa ndandanda. Kapena kugwiritsa alipo mfundo mayiko pasadakhale, ndiko kuti, Chinese dziko zombo anamanga pambuyo November 2021 kugwiritsa gawo III mfundo malire, ndipo ntchito gombe mphamvu berthing; kwa kosakhazikika mankhwala organic (VOC), anamanga pambuyo 2020, Kuyamba sitima kulamulira umuna m'dera (DECA), Pamadzi Chinese ndi tonnage aakulu matani 150 kapena kuposa, ayenera mafuta ndi gasi kuchira zinthu. Kumbali ya kuchuluka kwa ulamuliro, pa maziko a alipo chombo umuna ulamuliro mabacteria, m'madera ena ofunika zidzawonjezedwa, monga Huanghai Nyanja, Haixi, Beibu Gulf ndi West Guangdong. Malinga Dong Leyi, ndi China Maritime Safety Administration panopa anawonjezera ntchito yake kafukufuku, ndipo akufuna kusintha ndi Sinthani chombo umuna m'madera kulamulira posachedwapa anayambitsa.
Pa msonkhano wa, akatswiri ochokera makampani monga ABB, Mphunzitsi, GTT, Scania, Mann, Sinocraft Winterthur Zipangizo, ndi Montgomery Mafuta anayambitsa umisiri watsopano ndi zatsopano sitima zokhudzana kuchepetsedwa mpweya.
Post nthawi: Jun-12-2018